Cell structure (plant cells) — KCSE Biology

KCSE Biology · 119 practice questions · 3 syllabus objectives

41 easy46 medium32 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Draw and label a plant cell as seen under an electron microscope

State the functions of plant cell organelles

Cell structure (plant cells)

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

In the study of plant cells, understanding the roles of various organelles is crucial for comprehending their overall function and contribution to plant life. This includes examining the significance of cell sap and the protective structures that encase vital components within the cell. (a) State three functions of the cell sap in a plant cell. (3 marks) (b) Name the membrane that surrounds the vacuole. (1 mark)

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Part (a) — 4 marks
Stores dissolved sugars, mineral salts, amino acids, and organic acids (1 mk)
Maintains turgor pressure (turgidity) of the cell — keeps herbaceous plants upright (1 mk)
May store pigments (anthocyanins) that give colour to flowers and fruits for pollination/seed dispersal (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER5 marks

In the study of plant cells, understanding the various organelles and their specific functions is crucial. This knowledge is essential for comprehending how these cells contribute to vital processes such as photosynthesis and energy production. (a) Identify the organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis. (1 mark) (b) Name the two main regions of this organelle and state the reaction that occurs in each. (4 marks)

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Part (a) — 5 marks
Chloroplast (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

In the study of cellular biology, understanding the roles and locations of various organelles within plant cells is crucial. This knowledge provides insight into the fundamental processes that sustain plant life and contribute to their growth and development. (a) State the function of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the cell. (2 marks) (b) Name the cell organelle in which DNA is mainly found. (1 mark) (c) Name one other organelle in a plant cell that contains its own DNA. (1 mark)

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Part (a) — 4 marks
DNA carries genetic information / hereditary instructions that control all cell activities (1 mk)
DNA controls protein synthesis (determines which proteins/enzymes are made by the cell) (1 mk)
4

In the study of plant cells, understanding the roles of various organelles is crucial for comprehending how these cells function and maintain life processes. This knowledge lays the foundation for exploring the intricate relationships between cellular structures and their respective functions. (a) Identify the organelle that is referred to as the "control centre" of the cell. (1 mark) (b) State two functions of this organelle. (2 marks) (c) Name the structure within the nucleus that synthesises ribosomes. State its function. (2 marks)

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