Acid-base titration — KCSE Chemistry

KCSE Chemistry · 89 practice questions · 4 syllabus objectives

19 easy41 medium29 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Describe the procedure for an accurate acid-base titration including choice of indicator

Calculate the concentration of an acid or base given titration data using c₁V₁/n₁ = c₂V₂/n₂

Calculate the number of moles, mass or volume of a substance from titration results

Acid-base titration

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

In the context of quantitative analysis in chemistry, the process of determining the concentration of an unknown solution through a systematic procedure is essential. This exercise explores fundamental concepts and apparatus involved in this analytical technique. (a) Define the term titration. (2 marks) (b) Name the apparatus used to measure the volume of the acid added during a titration. (1 mark) (c) State one indicator suitable for a strong acid-strong base titration. (1 mark)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Titration is a technique where a solution of known concentration (standard solution) is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution (1 mk)
It involves adding the standard solution from a burette to the unknown solution until the reaction is complete (end point) (1 mk)
Part (b) — 1 mark
A burette (1 mk)
Part (c) — 1 mark
Methyl orange or phenolphthalein (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

Define the procedure for conducting an accurate acid-base titration, including the choice of a suitable indicator. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Fill the burette with the acid solution and use a pipette to measure a specific volume of the base in a conical flask (1 mk)
Add a few drops of the chosen indicator to the base in the conical flask (1 mk)
Part (b) — 1 mark
Phenolphthalein is suitable as it changes from colourless in acid to pink in alkali, indicating the endpoint clearly (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

State the purpose of using a pH indicator during an acid-base titration. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
To visually show the change in pH at the endpoint of the titration (1 mk)
To indicate the point at which neutralisation occurs (1 mk)
4

In a titration, 40.0 cm³ of hydrochloric acid (HCl) was neutralized by 60.0 cm³ of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. If the concentration of NaOH is 0.25 M, calculate the concentration of the HCl solution. (4 marks)

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