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Particle theory of matter — KCSE Chemistry

KCSE Chemistry · 63 practice questions · 4 syllabus objectives

26 easy24 medium13 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

State the postulates of the kinetic theory of matter

Explain diffusion, Brownian motion and osmosis using particle theory

Relate the properties of matter to the arrangement and movement of particles

Particle theory of matter

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

State two ways in which the arrangement of particles in a solid differs from that in a gas. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
In solids, particles are closely packed in a fixed arrangement; in gases, particles are far apart and randomly arranged. (1 mk)
Particles in solids vibrate in place, while particles in gases move freely and rapidly throughout the space. (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

State how the particle theory explains the process of osmosis in a plant cell placed in a salt solution. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
Water molecules move from a region of high concentration (inside the cell) to low concentration (salt solution) through a semipermeable membrane (1 mk)
The salt solution has a lower water potential than the cell sap, creating a gradient (1 mk)
This movement continues until equilibrium is reached or the cell becomes flaccid (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

Name two assumptions of the kinetic theory that apply specifically to gases. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Gas particles are in constant, random motion and move in straight lines until they collide (1 mk)
Collisions between gas particles and with the walls of the container are perfectly elastic (1 mk)
4

State three postulates of the kinetic theory of matter. (3 marks)

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