Percentages (applications: profit, loss, discount, commission) — KCSE Mathematics

KCSE Mathematics · 97 practice questions · 4 syllabus objectives

31 easy31 medium35 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Express a quantity as a percentage of another and calculate percentage increase and decrease

Calculate profit, loss, discount and commission as percentages and apply to buying and selling scenarios

Solve problems involving taxation (VAT, income tax), insurance premiums and percentage error in measurement

Percentages (applications: profit, loss, discount, commission)

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

Name the percentage error if an engineer measures a beam to be 2.4 m when the actual length is 2.5 m. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Actual length = 2.5 m; error = |2.5 - 2.4| = 0.1 m (1 mk)
Percentage error = (0.1 / 2.5) × 100 = 4% (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

A stationery shop purchases a box of pens for Ksh 800 and sells it at a profit margin of 25%. Calculate the selling price of the box of pens. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Profit = 25% of 800; Profit = 0.25 × 800 (1 mk)
Selling price = Cost price + Profit = 800 + 200 = Ksh 1,000 (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

A farmer sold a batch of mangoes for Ksh 3,500 after applying a discount of 15% on the original price. Calculate the original price of the mangoes. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
Let original price be P; Selling price = P × (1 - 0.15) (1 mk)
Substitute selling price: 3,500 = P × 0.85 (1 mk)
P = 3,500 / 0.85; Original price = Ksh 4,117.65 (1 mk)
4

A farmer sold a cow for Ksh 80,000 after incurring a cost of Ksh 60,000. Calculate the percentage profit made on the sale. (2 marks)

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