Uniform circular motion — KCSE Physics

KCSE Physics · 37 practice questions · 9 syllabus objectives

12 easy12 medium13 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Define angular displacement and angular velocity in radians

Describe experiments to illustrate centripetal force and state the relations F=mv²/r and F=mrω²

Explain applications including centrifuge, vertical/horizontal circles and banked tracks

Define angular velocity, angular displacement and the radian; relate linear and angular velocity; calculate periodic time

Define centripetal acceleration, explain why circular motion involves acceleration, and calculate centripetal acceleration

State factors affecting centripetal force; calculate tension, friction and centripetal force in horizontal circular motion

Analyse vertical circular motion: tension at top and bottom, minimum speed, pail of water, path after string cuts

Describe applications of circular motion: centrifuges, banked roads, speed governors, spin dryers, conical pendulum

Describe satellite and orbital motion; state escape velocity; explain why gravity provides centripetal force for orbits

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

State the relationship between the tension in the string and the minimum speed of a pail of water at the top of a vertical circular path. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
At the top of the vertical circular path, tension plus weight provides the centripetal force required for circular motion. (1 mk)
The minimum speed occurs when the tension is zero, meaning the gravitational force alone provides the centripetal force. (1 mk)
This relationship can be expressed as mg = mv²/r, leading to v = √(gr) for minimum speed. (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

Name two factors that affect the centripetal force required for an object moving in a horizontal circular path. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Mass of the object (1 mk)
Radius of the circular path (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

List three factors that affect the centripetal force required for an object moving in a horizontal circle. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
Mass of the object moving in the circle (1 mk)
Speed of the object (1 mk)
Radius of the circular path (1 mk)
4

In a physics experiment, a student swings a ball attached to a string in a horizontal circle. (a) Identify the role of centripetal force in this scenario. (2 marks) (b) State the relationship between the centripetal force and the speed of the ball. (2 marks)

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Why Practise Uniform circular motion?

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