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Folding and faulting — KCSE Geography

KCSE Geography · 40 practice questions · 4 syllabus objectives

14 easy12 medium14 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Explain the process of folding and describe the types of folds (anticline, syncline, overfold); give examples of fold mountains

Explain the process of faulting and describe the types of faults (normal, reverse, tear/transform); describe horst and graben features

Describe the formation of the East African Rift Valley and explain its significance for people and the environment

Folding and faulting

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

Name two major geological processes that led to the formation of the East African Rift Valley and explain their significance for local communities. (4 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Rifting due to tectonic plate movements (1 mk)
Volcanism associated with tectonic activity (1 mk)
Part (b) — 2 marks
Provides fertile soils for agriculture (1 mk)
Source of geothermal energy and tourism opportunities (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

Explain how a graben is formed and identify one example from Kenya. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
A graben is formed when tectonic forces pull the crust apart, causing blocks of land to sink (1 mk)
This results in a lowered area between two uplifted blocks, known as horsts (1 mk)
An example of a graben in Kenya is the East African Rift Valley (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

Name two types of faults and describe their characteristics. (4 marks)

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Part (a) — 4 marks
Normal fault: Occurs when the crust is extended, causing one block to move down relative to another (1 mk)
Reverse fault: Happens when the crust is compressed, resulting in one block moving up over another (1 mk)
Transform fault: Characterised by lateral movement, where two blocks slide past each other horizontally (1 mk)
Example of each type of fault to demonstrate understanding, such as the San Andreas Fault for transform faults (1 mk)
4

Explain the process of folding in the Earth's crust and name two examples of fold mountains. (4 marks)

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Why Practise Folding and faulting?

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