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Rocks and rock cycle — KCSE Geography

KCSE Geography · 55 practice questions · 4 syllabus objectives

19 easy17 medium19 hard

What You'll Learn

Key learning outcomes for this topic, aligned to the KNEC KCSE syllabus.

Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic; state the characteristics of each type and give examples

Explain the rock cycle and describe the processes by which rocks change from one type to another

Explain economic uses of rocks and their influence on soils, landforms and human activities

Rocks and rock cycle

Sample Questions

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1
easySHORT ANSWER4 marks

Name three economic uses of rocks and explain how each influences soil quality. (4 marks)

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Part (a) — 4 marks
Construction materials (e.g., granite) improve soil stability by providing a solid foundation (1 mk)
Fertiliser production (e.g., phosphate rocks) enhances soil nutrient content, promoting fertility (1 mk)
Road building (e.g., crushed stones) alters drainage patterns, affecting soil moisture retention (1 mk)
Landscaping (e.g., decorative stones) can influence soil erosion rates, improving or degrading quality (1 mk)
2
easySHORT ANSWER2 marks

State two ways in which igneous rocks can transform into metamorphic rocks. (2 marks)

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Part (a) — 2 marks
Exposure to high temperature which alters mineral composition (1 mk)
Application of high pressure which causes physical changes in the rock structure (1 mk)
3
easySHORT ANSWER3 marks

State three processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks. (3 marks)

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Part (a) — 3 marks
Weathering of pre-existing rocks to produce sediments (1 mk)
Transportation of sediments by water, wind, or ice (1 mk)
Compaction and cementation of sediments to form rock (1 mk)
4

Identify two types of sedimentary rocks and describe their formation. (4 marks)

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